1Jul25 __DESTRUCTOR -> run when there is no further use of the class instance in the script OR when unset/exit is used. CONSTRUCTOR property promotion means class properties can be declared and initialised in the Constructor class Instead of Class X { private string $a; private int $b; } .... Since PHP 8 .... Class X { public function __construct(private string $a, private int $b) { } } ---------------- Namespaces can be applied to Functions and Constants although not best practice